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==AstroTest3_Study==
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;This document contains either a study guide OR  pairs of exams taken from the same exam bank:
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{{pagebreak}}
 
{{pagebreak}}
 
===AstroTest3_Study-v1s1 ===
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
1. <!--AstroPlanetaryScience_1-->[[File:Apollo15DunaTisza.jpg|thumb|240px|incomplete rim]]The incomplete rims seen in the figure are caused by:
 
:___ a) low surface gravity
 
:___ b) vulcanism 
 
:___ c) meteorite erosion
 
:___ d) rilles
 
:___ e) micrometeorite erosion
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
2. <!--AstroPlanetaryScience_2-->Rilles are caused by
 
:___ a) water
 
:___ b) impacts
 
:___ c) meteorites
 
:___ d) lava
 
:___ e) meteors
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
3. <!--AstroPlanetaryScience_3-->In the Wikipedia excerpt on "Planetary Astronomy" the mechanism by which a meander grows over time was discussed.  Which of the the following is best describes why meanders grow? (Pick only one best answer) 
 
:___ a) wind erosion
 
:___ b) combination of erosion and underlying bedrock strength
 
:___ c) combination of deposition and underlying bedrock strength
 
:___ d) a combination of deposition and erosion 
 
:___ e) occasional periods of intense flooding
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
4. <!--AstroVenus_1-->When imaged in visible light Venus appears like ______ rather than ______.
 
:___ a) Mars ... Venus
 
:___ b) a gas dwarf ... a rocky planet
 
:___ c) an asteroid ... a terrestrial planet
 
:___ d) Venus ... Mars
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
5. <!--AstroVenus_10-->The clouds on Venus are made of
 
:___ a) water
 
:___ b) nitrogen
 
:___ c) carbon dioxide
 
:___ d) steam
 
:___ e) sulfuric acid
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
6. <!--AstroVenus_11-->The geology of Venus is predominantly
 
:___ a) Picrite
 
:___ b) Andesite
 
:___ c) Basalt
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
7. <!----AstroVenus_12---->Basalt is what type of rock?
 
:___ a) Sedimentary
 
:___ b) Igneous
 
:___ c) Metamorphic
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
8. <!----AstroVenus_13---->The rocks on Venus are mostly
 
:___ a) associated with plate tectonics
 
:___ b) from the seabed of a now non-existent ocean
 
:___ c) from volcanoes
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
9. <!--AstroVenus_2-->The rocky surface of the planet Venus can be detected when Venus is observed using infrared astronomy.
 
:___ a) TRUE
 
:___ b) FALSE
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
10. <!--AstroVenus_3-->When Venus is viewed in the ultraviolet, its color appears brownish.
 
:___ a) TRUE
 
:___ b) FALSE
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
11. <!--AstroVenus_4-->Moldavite is a mineral that may be associated with what radiation astronomy phenomenon?
 
:___ a) predicting when currently dormant volcanoes will erupt
 
:___ b) meteorite impacts and fireballs
 
:___ c) lightening strikes
 
:___ d) evidence that Venus was once a comet
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
12. <!--AstroVenus_5-->According to Wikipedia, a "mineral" is a naturally occurring solid that
 
:___ a) has useful value
 
:___ b) is heterogeneous
 
:___ c) does not contain carbon
 
:___ d) is by a chemical formula
 
:___ e) contains carbon
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
13. <!--AstroVenus_6-->Which types of radiation astronomy directly observe the rocky-object surface of Venus?
 
:___ a) visual astronomy
 
:___ b) radio astronomy
 
:___ c) ultraviolet astronomy
 
:___ d) X-ray astronomy
 
:___ e) infrared astronomy
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
14. <!--AstroVenus_7-->One reason that Venus's atmosphere has more carbon dioxide than Earth's is that
 
:___ a) Venus is exposed to a stronger solar wind strips away the other gasses
 
:___ b) Venus was too hot for oceans that could absorb the carbon dioxide
 
:___ c) the mass of Venus is slightly higher
 
:___ d) Venus has a lower magnetic field that disassociates carbon dioxide
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
15. <!--AstroVenus_8-->The surface temperature of Venus is about
 
:___ a) 850 Fahrenheit (730 Kelvin or 230 Celsius)
 
:___ b) 450 Fahrenheit (500 Kelvin or 66 Celsius)
 
:___ c) 150 Fahrenheit (340 Kelvin or 66 Celsius)
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
16. <!--AstroVenus_9-->The Venetian atmosphere consists of mostly carbon dioxide and
 
:___ a) hydrogen
 
:___ b) helium
 
:___ c) sulfuric acid
 
:___ d) nitrogen
 
:___ e) oxygen
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
17. <!--AstroMars_1--> {{Multiple image|direction=vertical|width=200|image1=Karte Mars Schiaparelli MKL1888.png|image2=Lowell Mars channels.jpg|caption1=Giovanni Schiaparelli 1877 |caption2=Lowell circa 1914.}} These drawings by Schiaparelli and Lowell were ultimately shown to be: <br>  <br>  <br>  <br> 
 
:___ a) rilles
 
:___ b) rift valleys
 
:___ c) slip faults
 
:___ d) subduction zones
 
:___ e) optical illusions 
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
18. <!--AstroMars_2-->Antipodal to the Tharsis bulge is
 
:___ a) What Wikipedia contends IS an impact basin
 
:___ b) What Wikipedia contends IS an active volcano
 
:___ c) What Wikipedia contends MIGHT BE an impact basin
 
:___ d) What Wikipedia contends MIGHT BE an active volcano
 
:___ e) the northern lowlands
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
19. <!--AstroMars_3-->[[File:Lava flow from Arsia Mons in Daedalia Planum.jpg|thumb|160px|Martian lobate feature]] The lobate feature shown in the figure is evidence of <br> <br> <br>}
 
:___ a) lava flow
 
:___ b) dust storms
 
:___ c) water flow
 
:___ d) plate tectonics
 
:___ e) wind erosion
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
20. <!--AstroMars_4-->The Martian dichotomy separates
 
:___ a) the crust from the mantle
 
:___ b) Valles Marineris from Olympus Mons
 
:___ c) the highlands from the lowlands
 
:___ d) the Tharsus buldge from Hellas basin
 
:___ e) the rift valley from the volcanoes
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
21. <!--AstroMars_5-->According to Wikipedia, ______ was formed due to swelling of the Tharsis bulge which caused the crust to collapse
 
:___ a) the southern lowlands
 
:___ b) the northern lowlands
 
:___ c) Valles Marineris
 
:___ d) Hellas basin
 
:___ e) Elysium
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
22. <!--AstroMars_6-->[[File:Nasa mars opportunity rock water 150 eng 02mar04.jpg|200px|thumb|gray hematite]]What is this [[w:hematite|hematite]]?<br> <br> <br>
 
:___ a) evidence that Mars once had active volcanoes
 
:___ b) evidence that Mars now has active volcanoes
 
:___ c) controversial evidence that Mars once had life
 
:___ d) evidence that Mars once had oceans
 
:___ e) irrefutable evidence that Mars once had life
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
23. <!--AstroMars_7-->The polar ice caps on Mars are ___
 
:___ a) actually clouds above the surface of Mars
 
:___ b) mostly water
 
:___ c) caused by geysers
 
:___ d) mostly carbon dioxide
 
:___ e) a nearly equal mix of water and carbon dioxide
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
24. <!--AstroMars_8-->Liquid water cannot exist on Mars due to ___
 
:___ a) high pressure
 
:___ b) low pressure
 
:___ c) high temperature
 
:___ d) the solar wind
 
:___ e) low temperature
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
25. <!--AstroMars_9-->[[File:ALH84001 structures.jpg|thumb|magnified Martian meteorite]] What is at the center of this magnified image of a Martian meteorite? fragment?  <br> <br> <br>
 
:___ a) evidence that Mars now has active volcanoes
 
:___ b) evidence that Mars once had active volcanoes
 
:___ c) controversial evidence that Mars once had life
 
:___ d) irrefutable evidence that Mars once had life
 
:___ e) evidence that Mars once had oceans
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
26. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_1-->It is important to distinguish between molecules (collectively) in a gas and one individual molecule. This question is about an individual molecule. For a planet with a given mass, size, and density, which has the greater escape velocity? 
 
:___ a) all molecules move at the escape velocity
 
:___ b) the lighter molecule has the greater escape velocity
 
:___ c) no molecules have escape velocity
 
:___ d) the heavier molecule has the greater escape velocity
 
:___ e) all molecules have the same escape velocity
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
27. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_2-->It is important to distinguish between molecules (collectively) in a gas and one individual molecule. This question is about a typical molecule in the gas. For a planet with a given mass, size, and density, which type of gas is more likely to escape? 
 
:___ a) atoms in a hotter gas is more likely to escape
 
:___ b) all types of gas are equally likely to escape
 
:___ c) atoms in a denser gas are more likely to escape
 
:___ d) atoms in a colder gas are more likely to escape
 
:___ e) atoms in a gas with more atomic mass are more likely to escape
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
28. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_3-->Which type of gas is likely to have the faster particles?
 
:___ a) a hot gas with low mass atoms
 
:___ b) a cold gas with low mass atoms
 
:___ c) a hot gas with high mass atoms
 
:___ d) all gasses on a given planet have the same speed
 
:___ e) a cold gas with high mass atoms
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
29. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_4-->What is it about the isotopes of Argon-36 and Argon-38 that causes their relative abundance to be so unusual on Mars?
 
:___ a) identical abundance
 
:___ b) different speed
 
:___ c) different chemical properties
 
:___ d) identical mass
 
:___ e) different half-life
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
30. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_5-->In the formula, <math>\frac 1 2 m_\mathrm{atom}v_\mathrm{escape}^2=G_\mathrm{Newton}\frac{M_\mathrm{planet}m_\mathrm{atom}}{r_\mathrm{planet}}</math>, which of the following is FALSE?
 
:___ a) the formula is valid for all launch angles
 
:___ b) the formula is valid only if the particle is launched from the surface of planet of radius r<sub>planet</sub>
 
:___ c) v<sub>escape</sub> is independent of m<sub>atom</sub>
 
:___ d) the particle is assumed to have been launched vertically
 
:___ e) the formula can be used to estimate how fast an atom must move before exiting the planet
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
31. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_6-->What statement is FALSE about <math>\frac 1 2 m_\mathrm{atom}\langle v_\mathrm{atom}^2 \rangle_{ave}= \frac{1}{2} k_\mathrm{B}T</math>?
 
:___ a) Temperature is measured in Centigrades
 
:___ b) Temperature is measured in Kelvins
 
:___ c) This equation does not involve the size or mass of the planet.
 
:___ d) The kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature.
 
:___ e) The average speed of a low mass particle is higher than the average speed of a high mass particle
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
32. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_7--><math>\frac 1 2 m_\mathrm{atom}\langle v_\mathrm{atom}^2 \rangle_{ave}= \frac{1}{2} k_\mathrm{B}T</math>, where ''T'' is temperature on the Kelvin scale. This formula describes:
 
:___ a) The speed of a typical atom, where m is the mass of the atom.
 
:___ b) The speed of a typical atom, where m is the mass of the planet.
 
:___ c) The speed an atom needs to orbit the planet, where m is the mass of the atom.
 
:___ d) The the speed an atom needs to escape the planet, where m is the mass planet.
 
:___ e) The speed an atom needs to escape the planet, where m is the mass of the atom.
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
33. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_1-->How does the density of a Galilean moon depend on its distance from Jupiter?  
 
:___ a) the density of the moons is unknown
 
:___ b) the less dense moon is closer to Jupiter (always)
 
:___ c) all the moons have nearly the same density
 
:___ d) the more dense moon is closer to Jupiter (always)
 
:___ e) the most dense moon is neither the closest nor the most distant
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
34. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_2-->How does the mass of a Galilean moon depend on its distance from the central body?  
 
:___ a) the more massive moon is closer to Jupiter (always)
 
:___ b) the less massive moon is closer to Jupiter (always)
 
:___ c) the most massive moon is neither the closest nor the most distant
 
:___ d) all the moons have nearly the same mass
 
:___ e) the mass of the moons is unknown
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
35. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_3-->Does Jupiter's moon Io have craters?   
 
:___ a) no, the surface is too new
 
:___ b) yes, about half from impacts and the others from volcanoes
 
:___ c) yes, from volcanoes
 
:___ d) no, the surface is too old
 
:___ e) yes, from impacts
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
36. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_4-->The mechanism that heats the cores of the Galilean moons is   
 
:___ a) radioactive decay of heavy elements
 
:___ b) radiation from the Sun and from Jupiter
 
:___ c) tides from Jupiter
 
:___ d) radiation from the Sun
 
:___ e) tides from the other moons and Jupiter
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
37. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_5-->Immediately after publication of Newton's laws of physics (Principia), it was possible to "calculate" the mass of Jupiter.  What important caveat applied to this calculation?   
 
:___ a) The different moons yielded vastly different values for the mass of Jupiter.
 
:___ b) The different moons yielded slightly different values for the mass of Jupiter.
 
:___ c) tides from the other moons and Jupiter.
 
:___ d) Only the mass of Jupiter relative to that of the Sun could be determined.
 
:___ e) They needed to wait over a decade for Jupiter to make approximately one revolution around the Sun.
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
38. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_6-->Ganymede, Europa, and Io have ratios in __________ that are 1:2:4. 
 
:___ a) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
:___ b) density
 
:___ c) Argon isotope abundance
 
:___ d) orbital period
 
:___ e) rotational period
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
39. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_7-->Which of Jupiter's moons has an anhydrous core? 
 
:___ a) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
:___ b) Ganymede
 
:___ c) Ganymede
 
:___ d) Io
 
:___ e) Europa
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
40. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_1-->The 1982 Voyager flyby of Miranda (a moon of Uranus) established that _____ 
 
:___ a) Miranda has geysers.
 
:___ b) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
:___ c) inspired a theory a previous incarnation was destroyed by a collision
 
:___ d) Miranda has the largest active volcano in the solar system
 
:___ e) Miranda probably has an iron core
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
41. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_2-->It has been suggested that Miranda's "racetrack"  
 
:___ a) is associated with tidal heating
 
:___ b) is a series of rifts created by an upwelling of warm ice
 
:___ c) is an impact crater
 
:___ d) is antipodal to an impact crater
 
:___ e) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
42. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_3-->According to Wikipedia, the largest lakes on Titan are probably fed by 
 
:___ a) geysers
 
:___ b) liquid water rain
 
:___ c) methane rain
 
:___ d) underground aquifers
 
:___ e) rivers from the highlands
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
43. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_4-->[[File:PIA12481 Titan specular reflection.jpg|right|240px]]<br><br><br>The bright spot on Saturn's moon Titan is 
 
:___ a) a volcano
 
:___ b) aurora borealis (northern lights)
 
:___ c) solar wind particles striking the atmosphere
 
:___ d) lightening
 
:___ e) a lake
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
44. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_5-->One "year" on Saturn's largest moon Titan lasts 
 
:___ a) 3 hours
 
:___ b) 300 days
 
:___ c) 3 years
 
:___ d) 30 years
 
:___ e) 30 hours
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
45. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_6-->[[File:Titan dunes crop.png|right|240px]]<br><br><br><br><br><br>The photographs  compare  
 
:___ a) summer windstorms and winter doldrums
 
:___ b) Titan and Earth
 
:___ c) winter windstorms and summer doldrums
 
:___ d) wet and dry seasons
 
:___ e) northern and southern hemispheres
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
46. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_7-->The liquid water ocean of Saturn's largest moon Titan, 
 
:___ a) is less than one meter in depth
 
:___ b) is known to contain life
 
:___ c) explains how the elevation of a smooth planet seems to rise and fall
 
:___ d) Two other answers are correct
 
:___ e) is postulated to cover 15-30% of its surface
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
47. <!--AstroJupiter_1-->[[File:Jupiter by Cassini-Huygens.jpg|right|300px]] <br> <br> <br> The black spot in this image of Jupiter is
 
:___ a) a solar eclipse
 
:___ b) the shadow of a moon
 
:___ c) a magnetic storm
 
:___ d) an electric storm
 
:___ e) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
48. <!--AstroJupiter_2-->Which of the following statements is FALSE?
 
:___ a) The Great Red Spot is a storm that has raged for over 300 years
 
:___ b) Jupiter emits more energy than it receives from the Sun
 
:___ c) Jupiter has a system of rings
 
:___ d) Jupiter has four large moons and many smaller ones
 
:___ e) Jupiter is the largest known planet
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
49. <!--AstroJupiter_3-->What is the mechanism that heats the interior of Jupiter? 
 
:___ a) radioactivity
 
:___ b) rain
 
:___ c) tides
 
:___ d) magnetism
 
:___ e) electricity
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
50. <!--AstroJupiter_4-->Why is Jupiter an oblate spheroid?
 
:___ a) rotation about axis
 
:___ b) revolution around Sun
 
:___ c) tides from the Jupiter's moons
 
:___ d) tides from other gas planets
 
:___ e) tides from the Sun
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
51. <!--AstroJupiter_5-->What statement best describes the Wikipedia's explanation of the helium (He) content of Jupiter's upper atmosphere (relative to the hydrogen (H) content)?
 
:___ a) Jupiter's atmosphere has only 80% as much helium because the He fell to the core.
 
:___ b) Jupiter's atmosphere has only 80% as much helium because the He escaped into space.
 
:___ c) Jupiter's atmosphere has 80% more He because Jupiter's hydrogen escaped into space.
 
:___ d) Jupiter's atmosphere has 80% more He because Jupiter's hydrogen fell to the core.
 
:___ e) Jupiter and the Sun have nearly the same ratio of He to H.
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
52. <!--AstroJupiter_6-->Where is the Sun-Jupiter barycenter?
 
:___ a) Just above the Sun's surface
 
:___ b) The question remains unresolved
 
:___ c) At the center of Jupiter
 
:___ d) At the center of the Sun
 
:___ e) Just above Jupiter's surface
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
53. <!--AstroJupiter_7-->The barycenter of two otherwise isolated celestial bodies is?
 
:___ a) a place where two bodies exert equal and opposite gravitational forces
 
:___ b) the focal point of two elliptical orbital paths
 
:___ c) both of these are true
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
54. <!--AstroJupiter_8-->Knowing the barycenter of two stars is useful because it tells us the total mass
 
:___ a) TRUE
 
:___ b) FALSE
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
55. <!--AstroJupiter_9-->Knowing the barycenter of two stars is useful because it tells us the ratio of the two masses
 
:___ a) TRUE
 
:___ b) FALSE
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
56. <!--AstroJupiter_10-->Although there is some doubt as to who discovered Jupiter's great red spot, it is generally credited to
 
:___ a) Galileo in 1605
 
:___ b) Cassini in 1665
 
:___ c) Messier in 1771
 
:___ d) Tycho in
 
:___ e) Newton in 1668
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
57. <!--AstroJupiter_11-->The bands in the atmosphere of Jupiter are associated with a patter of alternating wind velocities that are
 
:___ a) easterly and westerly
 
:___ b) updrafts and downdrafts
 
:___ c) both of these
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
58. <!--AstroJupiter_12-->As one descends down to Jupiter's core, the temperature
 
:___ a) decreases
 
:___ b) increases
 
:___ c) stays about the same
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
59. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_1-->Which of the following is NOT used to measure the mass of a planet
 
:___ a) the motion of a neighboring planet
 
:___ b) all of these have been used
 
:___ c) the rotation of the planet about its axis
 
:___ d) the motion of an artificial satellite
 
:___ e) the motion of a moon
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
60. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_2-->What is unusual about calculations of the mass of Pluto made in the early part of the 20th century?
 
:___ a) The estimates were high.  Pluto was less massive than they calculated
 
:___ b) It was the first time a planet's period of orbit around the sun was used to calculate the planet's mass
 
:___ c) The estimates were correct to within less than 10%
 
:___ d) It was the first time a moon was used to calculate the mass of a planet
 
:___ e) The estimates were too low.  Pluto was actually more massive than they thought.
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
61. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_3-->Why was the discovery of Pluto peculiar?
 
:___ a) It was discovered by a calculation based on flawed assumptions
 
:___ b) It was the first time a planet's period of orbit around the sun was used to calculate the planet's mass
 
:___ c) It was seen by Galileo, who thought it was a star
 
:___ d) It was seen by Halley, who was looking for comets
 
:___ e) It was discovered during a survey looking for stars
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
62. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_4-->Which of the following is NOT used to measure the mass of a planet
 
:___ a) all of these have been used
 
:___ b) the motion of an artificial satellite
 
:___ c) the motion of a neighboring planet
 
:___ d) the motion of a moon
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
63. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_5-->Which statement describes the relation between Pluto and Neptune
 
:___ a) Pluto's orbit intersects Neptune's orbit an the two bodies will eventually collide
 
:___ b) Pluto's orbit lies outside Neptune's orbit
 
:___ c) Pluto's orbit intersects Neptune's orbit but they don't collide because of an orbital resonance between the two
 
:___ d) Pluto's orbit intersects Neptune's orbit but they avoid each other because Pluto's mass is too small
 
</div>
 
 
{{pagebreak}}
 
==== Key to  AstroTest3_Study-v1s1 ====
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
1. <!--AstroPlanetaryScience_1-->[[File:Apollo15DunaTisza.jpg|thumb|240px|incomplete rim]]The incomplete rims seen in the figure are caused by:
 
::  - a) low surface gravity
 
::  + b) vulcanism 
 
::  - c) meteorite erosion
 
::  - d) rilles
 
::  - e) micrometeorite erosion
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
2. <!--AstroPlanetaryScience_2-->Rilles are caused by
 
::  - a) water
 
::  - b) impacts
 
::  - c) meteorites
 
::  + d) lava
 
::  - e) meteors
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
3. <!--AstroPlanetaryScience_3-->In the Wikipedia excerpt on "Planetary Astronomy" the mechanism by which a meander grows over time was discussed.  Which of the the following is best describes why meanders grow? (Pick only one best answer) 
 
::  - a) wind erosion
 
::  - b) combination of erosion and underlying bedrock strength
 
::  - c) combination of deposition and underlying bedrock strength
 
::  + d) a combination of deposition and erosion 
 
::  - e) occasional periods of intense flooding
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
4. <!--AstroVenus_1-->When imaged in visible light Venus appears like ______ rather than ______.
 
::  - a) Mars ... Venus
 
::  + b) a gas dwarf ... a rocky planet
 
::  - c) an asteroid ... a terrestrial planet
 
::  - d) Venus ... Mars
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
5. <!--AstroVenus_10-->The clouds on Venus are made of
 
::  - a) water
 
::  - b) nitrogen
 
::  - c) carbon dioxide
 
::  - d) steam
 
::  + e) sulfuric acid
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
6. <!--AstroVenus_11-->The geology of Venus is predominantly
 
::  - a) Picrite
 
::  - b) Andesite
 
::  + c) Basalt
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
7. <!----AstroVenus_12---->Basalt is what type of rock?
 
::  - a) Sedimentary
 
::  + b) Igneous
 
::  - c) Metamorphic
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
8. <!----AstroVenus_13---->The rocks on Venus are mostly
 
::  - a) associated with plate tectonics
 
::  - b) from the seabed of a now non-existent ocean
 
::  + c) from volcanoes
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
9. <!--AstroVenus_2-->The rocky surface of the planet Venus can be detected when Venus is observed using infrared astronomy.
 
::  - a) TRUE
 
::  + b) FALSE
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
10. <!--AstroVenus_3-->When Venus is viewed in the ultraviolet, its color appears brownish.
 
::  - a) TRUE
 
::  + b) FALSE
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
11. <!--AstroVenus_4-->Moldavite is a mineral that may be associated with what radiation astronomy phenomenon?
 
::  - a) predicting when currently dormant volcanoes will erupt
 
::  + b) meteorite impacts and fireballs
 
::  - c) lightening strikes
 
::  - d) evidence that Venus was once a comet
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
12. <!--AstroVenus_5-->According to Wikipedia, a "mineral" is a naturally occurring solid that
 
::  - a) has useful value
 
::  - b) is heterogeneous
 
::  - c) does not contain carbon
 
::  + d) is by a chemical formula
 
::  - e) contains carbon
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
13. <!--AstroVenus_6-->Which types of radiation astronomy directly observe the rocky-object surface of Venus?
 
::  - a) visual astronomy
 
::  + b) radio astronomy
 
::  - c) ultraviolet astronomy
 
::  - d) X-ray astronomy
 
::  - e) infrared astronomy
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
14. <!--AstroVenus_7-->One reason that Venus's atmosphere has more carbon dioxide than Earth's is that
 
::  - a) Venus is exposed to a stronger solar wind strips away the other gasses
 
::  + b) Venus was too hot for oceans that could absorb the carbon dioxide
 
::  - c) the mass of Venus is slightly higher
 
::  - d) Venus has a lower magnetic field that disassociates carbon dioxide
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
15. <!--AstroVenus_8-->The surface temperature of Venus is about
 
::  + a) 850 Fahrenheit (730 Kelvin or 230 Celsius)
 
::  + b) 450 Fahrenheit (500 Kelvin or 66 Celsius)
 
::  + c) 150 Fahrenheit (340 Kelvin or 66 Celsius)
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
16. <!--AstroVenus_9-->The Venetian atmosphere consists of mostly carbon dioxide and
 
::  - a) hydrogen
 
::  - b) helium
 
::  - c) sulfuric acid
 
::  + d) nitrogen
 
::  - e) oxygen
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
17. <!--AstroMars_1--> {{Multiple image|direction=vertical|width=200|image1=Karte Mars Schiaparelli MKL1888.png|image2=Lowell Mars channels.jpg|caption1=Giovanni Schiaparelli 1877 |caption2=Lowell circa 1914.}} These drawings by Schiaparelli and Lowell were ultimately shown to be: <br>  <br>  <br>  <br> 
 
::  - a) rilles
 
::  - b) rift valleys
 
::  - c) slip faults
 
::  - d) subduction zones
 
::  + e) optical illusions 
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
18. <!--AstroMars_2-->Antipodal to the Tharsis bulge is
 
::  + a) What Wikipedia contends IS an impact basin
 
::  - b) What Wikipedia contends IS an active volcano
 
::  - c) What Wikipedia contends MIGHT BE an impact basin
 
::  - d) What Wikipedia contends MIGHT BE an active volcano
 
::  - e) the northern lowlands
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
19. <!--AstroMars_3-->[[File:Lava flow from Arsia Mons in Daedalia Planum.jpg|thumb|160px|Martian lobate feature]] The lobate feature shown in the figure is evidence of <br> <br> <br>}
 
::  + a) lava flow
 
::  - b) dust storms
 
::  - c) water flow
 
::  - d) plate tectonics
 
::  - e) wind erosion
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
20. <!--AstroMars_4-->The Martian dichotomy separates
 
::  - a) the crust from the mantle
 
::  - b) Valles Marineris from Olympus Mons
 
::  + c) the highlands from the lowlands
 
::  - d) the Tharsus buldge from Hellas basin
 
::  - e) the rift valley from the volcanoes
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
21. <!--AstroMars_5-->According to Wikipedia, ______ was formed due to swelling of the Tharsis bulge which caused the crust to collapse
 
::  - a) the southern lowlands
 
::  - b) the northern lowlands
 
::  + c) Valles Marineris
 
::  - d) Hellas basin
 
::  - e) Elysium
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
22. <!--AstroMars_6-->[[File:Nasa mars opportunity rock water 150 eng 02mar04.jpg|200px|thumb|gray hematite]]What is this [[w:hematite|hematite]]?<br> <br> <br>
 
::  - a) evidence that Mars once had active volcanoes
 
::  - b) evidence that Mars now has active volcanoes
 
::  - c) controversial evidence that Mars once had life
 
::  + d) evidence that Mars once had oceans
 
::  - e) irrefutable evidence that Mars once had life
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
23. <!--AstroMars_7-->The polar ice caps on Mars are ___
 
::  - a) actually clouds above the surface of Mars
 
::  + b) mostly water
 
::  - c) caused by geysers
 
::  - d) mostly carbon dioxide
 
::  - e) a nearly equal mix of water and carbon dioxide
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
24. <!--AstroMars_8-->Liquid water cannot exist on Mars due to ___
 
::  - a) high pressure
 
::  + b) low pressure
 
::  - c) high temperature
 
::  - d) the solar wind
 
::  - e) low temperature
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
25. <!--AstroMars_9-->[[File:ALH84001 structures.jpg|thumb|magnified Martian meteorite]] What is at the center of this magnified image of a Martian meteorite? fragment?  <br> <br> <br>
 
::  - a) evidence that Mars now has active volcanoes
 
::  - b) evidence that Mars once had active volcanoes
 
::  + c) controversial evidence that Mars once had life
 
::  - d) irrefutable evidence that Mars once had life
 
::  - e) evidence that Mars once had oceans
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
26. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_1-->It is important to distinguish between molecules (collectively) in a gas and one individual molecule. This question is about an individual molecule. For a planet with a given mass, size, and density, which has the greater escape velocity? 
 
::  - a) all molecules move at the escape velocity
 
::  - b) the lighter molecule has the greater escape velocity
 
::  - c) no molecules have escape velocity
 
::  - d) the heavier molecule has the greater escape velocity
 
::  + e) all molecules have the same escape velocity
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
27. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_2-->It is important to distinguish between molecules (collectively) in a gas and one individual molecule. This question is about a typical molecule in the gas. For a planet with a given mass, size, and density, which type of gas is more likely to escape? 
 
::  + a) atoms in a hotter gas is more likely to escape
 
::  - b) all types of gas are equally likely to escape
 
::  - c) atoms in a denser gas are more likely to escape
 
::  - d) atoms in a colder gas are more likely to escape
 
::  - e) atoms in a gas with more atomic mass are more likely to escape
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
28. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_3-->Which type of gas is likely to have the faster particles?
 
::  + a) a hot gas with low mass atoms
 
::  - b) a cold gas with low mass atoms
 
::  - c) a hot gas with high mass atoms
 
::  - d) all gasses on a given planet have the same speed
 
::  - e) a cold gas with high mass atoms
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
29. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_4-->What is it about the isotopes of Argon-36 and Argon-38 that causes their relative abundance to be so unusual on Mars?
 
::  - a) identical abundance
 
::  + b) different speed
 
::  - c) different chemical properties
 
::  - d) identical mass
 
::  - e) different half-life
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
30. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_5-->In the formula, <math>\frac 1 2 m_\mathrm{atom}v_\mathrm{escape}^2=G_\mathrm{Newton}\frac{M_\mathrm{planet}m_\mathrm{atom}}{r_\mathrm{planet}}</math>, which of the following is FALSE?
 
::  + a) the formula is valid for all launch angles
 
::  - b) the formula is valid only if the particle is launched from the surface of planet of radius r<sub>planet</sub>
 
::  - c) v<sub>escape</sub> is independent of m<sub>atom</sub>
 
::  - d) the particle is assumed to have been launched vertically
 
::  - e) the formula can be used to estimate how fast an atom must move before exiting the planet
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
31. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_6-->What statement is FALSE about <math>\frac 1 2 m_\mathrm{atom}\langle v_\mathrm{atom}^2 \rangle_{ave}= \frac{1}{2} k_\mathrm{B}T</math>?
 
::  + a) Temperature is measured in Centigrades
 
::  - b) Temperature is measured in Kelvins
 
::  - c) This equation does not involve the size or mass of the planet.
 
::  - d) The kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature.
 
::  - e) The average speed of a low mass particle is higher than the average speed of a high mass particle
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
32. <!--AstroAtmosphericLoss_7--><math>\frac 1 2 m_\mathrm{atom}\langle v_\mathrm{atom}^2 \rangle_{ave}= \frac{1}{2} k_\mathrm{B}T</math>, where ''T'' is temperature on the Kelvin scale. This formula describes:
 
::  + a) The speed of a typical atom, where m is the mass of the atom.
 
::  - b) The speed of a typical atom, where m is the mass of the planet.
 
::  - c) The speed an atom needs to orbit the planet, where m is the mass of the atom.
 
::  - d) The the speed an atom needs to escape the planet, where m is the mass planet.
 
::  - e) The speed an atom needs to escape the planet, where m is the mass of the atom.
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
33. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_1-->How does the density of a Galilean moon depend on its distance from Jupiter?  
 
::  - a) the density of the moons is unknown
 
::  - b) the less dense moon is closer to Jupiter (always)
 
::  - c) all the moons have nearly the same density
 
::  + d) the more dense moon is closer to Jupiter (always)
 
::  - e) the most dense moon is neither the closest nor the most distant
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
34. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_2-->How does the mass of a Galilean moon depend on its distance from the central body?  
 
::  - a) the more massive moon is closer to Jupiter (always)
 
::  - b) the less massive moon is closer to Jupiter (always)
 
::  + c) the most massive moon is neither the closest nor the most distant
 
::  - d) all the moons have nearly the same mass
 
::  - e) the mass of the moons is unknown
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
35. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_3-->Does Jupiter's moon Io have craters?   
 
::  - a) no, the surface is too new
 
::  - b) yes, about half from impacts and the others from volcanoes
 
::  + c) yes, from volcanoes
 
::  - d) no, the surface is too old
 
::  - e) yes, from impacts
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
36. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_4-->The mechanism that heats the cores of the Galilean moons is   
 
::  - a) radioactive decay of heavy elements
 
::  - b) radiation from the Sun and from Jupiter
 
::  - c) tides from Jupiter
 
::  - d) radiation from the Sun
 
::  + e) tides from the other moons and Jupiter
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
37. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_5-->Immediately after publication of Newton's laws of physics (Principia), it was possible to "calculate" the mass of Jupiter.  What important caveat applied to this calculation?   
 
::  - a) The different moons yielded vastly different values for the mass of Jupiter.
 
::  - b) The different moons yielded slightly different values for the mass of Jupiter.
 
::  - c) tides from the other moons and Jupiter.
 
::  + d) Only the mass of Jupiter relative to that of the Sun could be determined.
 
::  - e) They needed to wait over a decade for Jupiter to make approximately one revolution around the Sun.
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
38. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_6-->Ganymede, Europa, and Io have ratios in __________ that are 1:2:4. 
 
::  + a) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
::  - b) density
 
::  - c) Argon isotope abundance
 
::  - d) orbital period
 
::  - e) rotational period
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
39. <!--AstroGalileanMoons_7-->Which of Jupiter's moons has an anhydrous core? 
 
::  - a) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
::  - b) Ganymede
 
::  - c) Ganymede
 
::  + d) Io
 
::  - e) Europa
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
40. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_1-->The 1982 Voyager flyby of Miranda (a moon of Uranus) established that _____ 
 
::  - a) Miranda has geysers.
 
::  - b) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
::  + c) inspired a theory a previous incarnation was destroyed by a collision
 
::  - d) Miranda has the largest active volcano in the solar system
 
::  - e) Miranda probably has an iron core
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
41. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_2-->It has been suggested that Miranda's "racetrack"  
 
::  - a) is associated with tidal heating
 
::  - b) is a series of rifts created by an upwelling of warm ice
 
::  - c) is an impact crater
 
::  - d) is antipodal to an impact crater
 
::  + e) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
42. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_3-->According to Wikipedia, the largest lakes on Titan are probably fed by 
 
::  - a) geysers
 
::  - b) liquid water rain
 
::  - c) methane rain
 
::  + d) underground aquifers
 
::  - e) rivers from the highlands
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
43. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_4-->[[File:PIA12481 Titan specular reflection.jpg|right|240px]]<br><br><br>The bright spot on Saturn's moon Titan is 
 
::  - a) a volcano
 
::  - b) aurora borealis (northern lights)
 
::  - c) solar wind particles striking the atmosphere
 
::  - d) lightening
 
::  + e) a lake
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
44. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_5-->One "year" on Saturn's largest moon Titan lasts 
 
::  - a) 3 hours
 
::  - b) 300 days
 
::  - c) 3 years
 
::  + d) 30 years
 
::  - e) 30 hours
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
45. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_6-->[[File:Titan dunes crop.png|right|240px]]<br><br><br><br><br><br>The photographs  compare  
 
::  - a) summer windstorms and winter doldrums
 
::  + b) Titan and Earth
 
::  - c) winter windstorms and summer doldrums
 
::  - d) wet and dry seasons
 
::  - e) northern and southern hemispheres
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
46. <!--AstroMirandaTitan_7-->The liquid water ocean of Saturn's largest moon Titan, 
 
::  - a) is less than one meter in depth
 
::  - b) is known to contain life
 
::  + c) explains how the elevation of a smooth planet seems to rise and fall
 
::  - d) Two other answers are correct
 
::  - e) is postulated to cover 15-30% of its surface
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
47. <!--AstroJupiter_1-->[[File:Jupiter by Cassini-Huygens.jpg|right|300px]] <br> <br> <br> The black spot in this image of Jupiter is
 
::  - a) a solar eclipse
 
::  - b) the shadow of a moon
 
::  - c) a magnetic storm
 
::  - d) an electric storm
 
::  + e) Two other answers are correct (making this the only true answer).
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
48. <!--AstroJupiter_2-->Which of the following statements is FALSE?
 
::  - a) The Great Red Spot is a storm that has raged for over 300 years
 
::  - b) Jupiter emits more energy than it receives from the Sun
 
::  - c) Jupiter has a system of rings
 
::  - d) Jupiter has four large moons and many smaller ones
 
::  + e) Jupiter is the largest known planet
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
49. <!--AstroJupiter_3-->What is the mechanism that heats the interior of Jupiter? 
 
::  - a) radioactivity
 
::  + b) rain
 
::  - c) tides
 
::  - d) magnetism
 
::  - e) electricity
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
50. <!--AstroJupiter_4-->Why is Jupiter an oblate spheroid?
 
::  + a) rotation about axis
 
::  - b) revolution around Sun
 
::  - c) tides from the Jupiter's moons
 
::  - d) tides from other gas planets
 
::  - e) tides from the Sun
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
51. <!--AstroJupiter_5-->What statement best describes the Wikipedia's explanation of the helium (He) content of Jupiter's upper atmosphere (relative to the hydrogen (H) content)?
 
::  + a) Jupiter's atmosphere has only 80% as much helium because the He fell to the core.
 
::  - b) Jupiter's atmosphere has only 80% as much helium because the He escaped into space.
 
::  - c) Jupiter's atmosphere has 80% more He because Jupiter's hydrogen escaped into space.
 
::  - d) Jupiter's atmosphere has 80% more He because Jupiter's hydrogen fell to the core.
 
::  - e) Jupiter and the Sun have nearly the same ratio of He to H.
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
52. <!--AstroJupiter_6-->Where is the Sun-Jupiter barycenter?
 
::  + a) Just above the Sun's surface
 
::  - b) The question remains unresolved
 
::  - c) At the center of Jupiter
 
::  - d) At the center of the Sun
 
::  - e) Just above Jupiter's surface
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
53. <!--AstroJupiter_7-->The barycenter of two otherwise isolated celestial bodies is?
 
::  - a) a place where two bodies exert equal and opposite gravitational forces
 
::  + b) the focal point of two elliptical orbital paths
 
::  - c) both of these are true
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
54. <!--AstroJupiter_8-->Knowing the barycenter of two stars is useful because it tells us the total mass
 
::  - a) TRUE
 
::  + b) FALSE
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
55. <!--AstroJupiter_9-->Knowing the barycenter of two stars is useful because it tells us the ratio of the two masses
 
::  + a) TRUE
 
::  - b) FALSE
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
56. <!--AstroJupiter_10-->Although there is some doubt as to who discovered Jupiter's great red spot, it is generally credited to
 
::  - a) Galileo in 1605
 
::  + b) Cassini in 1665
 
::  - c) Messier in 1771
 
::  - d) Tycho in
 
::  - e) Newton in 1668
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
57. <!--AstroJupiter_11-->The bands in the atmosphere of Jupiter are associated with a patter of alternating wind velocities that are
 
::  - a) easterly and westerly
 
::  - b) updrafts and downdrafts
 
::  + c) both of these
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
58. <!--AstroJupiter_12-->As one descends down to Jupiter's core, the temperature
 
::  - a) decreases
 
::  + b) increases
 
::  - c) stays about the same
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
59. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_1-->Which of the following is NOT used to measure the mass of a planet
 
::  - a) the motion of a neighboring planet
 
::  - b) all of these have been used
 
::  + c) the rotation of the planet about its axis
 
::  - d) the motion of an artificial satellite
 
::  - e) the motion of a moon
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
60. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_2-->What is unusual about calculations of the mass of Pluto made in the early part of the 20th century?
 
::  + a) The estimates were high.  Pluto was less massive than they calculated
 
::  - b) It was the first time a planet's period of orbit around the sun was used to calculate the planet's mass
 
::  - c) The estimates were correct to within less than 10%
 
::  - d) It was the first time a moon was used to calculate the mass of a planet
 
::  - e) The estimates were too low.  Pluto was actually more massive than they thought.
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
61. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_3-->Why was the discovery of Pluto peculiar?
 
::  + a) It was discovered by a calculation based on flawed assumptions
 
::  - b) It was the first time a planet's period of orbit around the sun was used to calculate the planet's mass
 
::  - c) It was seen by Galileo, who thought it was a star
 
::  - d) It was seen by Halley, who was looking for comets
 
::  - e) It was discovered during a survey looking for stars
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
62. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_4-->Which of the following is NOT used to measure the mass of a planet
 
::  + a) all of these have been used
 
::  - b) the motion of an artificial satellite
 
::  - c) the motion of a neighboring planet
 
::  - d) the motion of a moon
 
</div>
 
 
<div style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
 
63. <!--AstroPluto and planetary mass_5-->Which statement describes the relation between Pluto and Neptune
 
::  - a) Pluto's orbit intersects Neptune's orbit an the two bodies will eventually collide
 
::  - b) Pluto's orbit lies outside Neptune's orbit
 
::  + c) Pluto's orbit intersects Neptune's orbit but they don't collide because of an orbital resonance between the two
 
::  - d) Pluto's orbit intersects Neptune's orbit but they avoid each other because Pluto's mass is too small
 
</div>
 
 
{{pagebreak}}
 
:;Attribution (for quiz questions) under CC-by-SA license
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Planetary_science_questions&oldid=1298071
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Venus/Quiz&oldid=1388298 <br> http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Quizbank/Contributed_questions&oldid=1388791
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Mars/questions&oldid=1327222
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Why_planets_lose_their_atmospheres/questions&oldid=1204943
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Galilean_moons_of_Jupiter/questions&oldid=1293955
:https//en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Miranda_and_Titan/questions&oldid=1293943
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Jupiter/questions&oldid=1388646
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Pluto_and_planetary_mass_quiz&oldid=1388652
:;Study guide
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Planetary_science&oldid=1204930
:[[Venus]]<br>[[w:Atmosphere of Venus]]<br>[[w:Venus]]
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Mars&oldid=1327223
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Why_planets_lose_their_atmospheres&oldid=1388258
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Galilean_moons_of_Jupiter&oldid=1326527
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Miranda_and_Titan&oldid=1204929
:http://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_college_course/Jupiter&oldid=1204919 <br>http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jupiter&oldid=664015766<br>http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atmosphere_of_Jupiter&oldid=664309417
:http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pluto&oldid=664428172