OpenStax University Physics/E&M/Electromagnetic Waves

$ℰ\mathrm{\&}ℳ$ (Vol. 2):Template:Spaces 5:Electric Charges and FieldsTemplate:Spaces 6:Gauss's LawTemplate:Spaces 7:Electric PotentialTemplate:Spaces 8:CapacitanceTemplate:Spaces 9:Current and ResistanceTemplate:Spaces 10:Direct-Current CircuitsTemplate:Spaces 11:Magnetic Forces and FieldsTemplate:Spaces 12:Sources of Magnetic FieldsTemplate:Spaces 13:Electromagnetic InductionTemplate:Spaces 14:InductanceTemplate:Spaces 15:Alternating-Current CircuitsTemplate:Spaces 16:Electromagnetic Waves

Chapter 16

{{#lst:OpenStax University Physics/V2|16}}

For quiz at QB/d_cp2.16

Template:Colbegin Displacement current $I_d={\epsilon }_0\frac{d{\mathrm{\Phi }}_E}{dt}$ where ${\mathrm{\Phi }}_E=\int \overrightarrow{E}\cdot d\overrightarrow{A}$ is the electric flux.

Maxwell's equations: ${ϵ}_0{\mu }_0=1/c^2$
${\oint }_S\overrightarrow{E}\cdot \mathrm{d}\overrightarrow{A}=\frac{1}{{ϵ}_0}{Q}_{in}$
${\oint }_S\overrightarrow{B}\cdot \mathrm{d}\overrightarrow{A}=0$
${\oint }_C\overrightarrow{E}\cdot \mathrm{d}\overrightarrow{\ell }=-\underset{S}{\int }\frac{\partial \overrightarrow{B}}{\partial t}\cdot \mathrm{d}\overrightarrow{A}$
${\oint }_C\overrightarrow{B}\cdot \mathrm{d}\overrightarrow{\ell }={\mu }_{0}I+{ϵ}_0{\mu }_0\frac{\mathrm{d}{\mathrm{\Phi }}_E}{\mathrm{d}t}$

$\frac{{\partial }^2{E}_y}{\partial x^2}={\epsilon }_0{\mu }_0\frac{{\partial }^2{E}_y}{\partial t^2}$ and $\frac{E_0}{B_0}=c$

Poynting vector $\overrightarrow{S}=\frac{1}{{\mu }_0}\overrightarrow{E}\times \overrightarrow{B}$=energy flux

Average intensity $I=S_{ave}=\frac{c{\epsilon }_0}{2}{E}_0^2=\frac{c}{2{\mu }_0}{B}_0^2=\frac{1}{2{\mu }_0}{E}_0{B}_0$

Radiation pressure $p=I/c$ (perfect absorber) and $p=2I/c$ (perfect reflector). Template:Colend