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- ...gauge boson classes are: photons, W and Z bosons/''[[../Neutralinos/|Higgs bosons]]'', [[../ExtendedQuantumSymmetries/|gluons]] and ''gravitons'' , that are ...arkPair/|Standard Model of physics]] currently includes only photons, W, Z bosons and gluons. ...2 KB (264 words) - 15:25, 12 September 2020
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- ...gauge boson classes are: photons, W and Z bosons/''[[../Neutralinos/|Higgs bosons]]'', [[../ExtendedQuantumSymmetries/|gluons]] and ''gravitons'' , that are ...arkPair/|Standard Model of physics]] currently includes only photons, W, Z bosons and gluons. ...2 KB (264 words) - 15:25, 12 September 2020
- ...s, mediated by [[../CosmologicalConstant/|field]] particles called ''gauge bosons'' . ===Gauge bosons=== ...3 KB (329 words) - 15:34, 12 September 2020
- ...ent, we understand that there are two categories of fundamental particles: bosons and fermions. === Bosons === ...4 KB (769 words) - 05:36, 15 April 2024
- ...iers of the electroweak force--photons and (W,Z) bosons--and also to Higgs bosons. Whether the LHC will produce neutralinos, and what the experimental signat ...news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7893689.stm unconfirmed rumors of Higgs bosons generated] at the [http://www.fnal.gov/ Fermilab] Tevatron in US.) ...3 KB (389 words) - 15:34, 12 September 2020
- ...s symmetry breaking]] that gives rise to [[../LongRangeCoupling/|Goldstone bosons]] without which the superconductivity phenomenon/superconductivity phase tr ...(that are fermions) and [[../ExtendedQuantumSymmetries/|gluons]] (that are bosons) inside a [[../QuarkAntiquarkPair/|nucleon]], such as a proton or a [[../Pi ...3 KB (381 words) - 05:18, 12 September 2020
- ...gs field|Higgs field]]. The creation of a plasma of [[w:Higgs bosons|Higgs bosons]] in the laboratory would require temperatures of more than <math> 10^{15} ...2 KB (370 words) - 17:34, 19 May 2018
- ...inciple then states that the eigenvalue is <math>+1</math> for [[../Boson/|bosons]] and <math>-1</math> for fermions, and that a wavefunction with an eigenva ...964 bytes (125 words) - 03:39, 13 September 2020
- ...ion are the <math>W</math> and <math>Z</math> [[../BoseEinsteinStatistics/|bosons]]. The weak interaction is the only interaction that violates [[../Examples ...2 KB (236 words) - 16:21, 12 September 2020
- ...<ref name='Efimov70'/> such as three coupled [[../BoseEinsteinStatistics/|bosons]] in ultracold `gedanken experiments'. A most interesting feature of such u ...2 KB (276 words) - 04:16, 1 July 2015
- ...hysical spacetime(s)) by transformations that mix [[../QuarkAntiquarkPair/|bosons]] and [[../QuarkAntiquarkPair/|fermions]]. ...3 KB (361 words) - 16:09, 12 September 2020
- ...ers in [[../HotFusion/|QFT]] that are all ''[[../AntiCommutationRelations/|bosons]]''. (Please note also ...../BoseEinsteinStatistics/|gravitons]] and Goldstone quanta that are all ''bosons'' of different [[../QuarkAntiquarkPair/|spin]] values and ''`Penrose homog ...8 KB (1,066 words) - 08:36, 11 March 2023
- ...ce CFTs that have extra symmetries beyond conformal symmetry, such as free bosons and Wess-Zumino-Witten models. * Free bosons, WZW models. ...8 KB (1,150 words) - 16:52, 17 February 2025
- ...at acts on electrons, neutrinos, and quarks. It is governed by the W and Z bosons. ...nd, is mediated by heavy, electrically charged analogues of the photon — W bosons — that interact with the left-handed components of particles, but not with ...13 KB (1,784 words) - 02:07, 30 April 2020
- #Elementary [[../Particle/|particle]] theories and [[../Neutralinos/|Higgs bosons]] ...5 KB (444 words) - 14:10, 6 May 2023
- ...ron) Cooper pairs (phonon-coupled to the lattice ions)--that are Goldstone bosons of spin-0-- with long-range correlations and quantum coherence throughout t ...9 KB (1,200 words) - 15:58, 12 September 2020
- ..., \, \, \, \, </math> <math>W^{+,-} \, Z^0</math>-------------------vector bosons------yes ...4 KB (555 words) - 05:11, 12 September 2020
- ...The Hilbert space of a single state is a Fock space encoding the number of bosons located at the site, i.e., ...a product space of all the Fock spaces, with the commutation relation for bosons being ...15 KB (2,548 words) - 12:45, 23 December 2018
- ==== Bosons ==== ...er conglomerates that show integer valued spin, appear to play the role of bosons. ...20 KB (2,982 words) - 21:58, 23 October 2017
- ...ctron spin [[../LongRangeCoupling/|Cooper pairs]] (regarded as [[../Boson/|bosons]]) in low-temperature [[../LongRangeCoupling/|superconductivity]]. ...6 KB (840 words) - 02:53, 30 October 2020
- === Bosons and fermions === ...> holds, the system is called bosonic system (and the particles are called bosons), for which <math>C=-1</math> holds, the system is called fermionic system ...36 KB (5,610 words) - 14:27, 8 May 2019