PlanetPhysics/Klein Gordon Equation 3
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This is a contributed Topic.
The Klein-Gordon (KG) Scalar Relativistic Wave Equation
{\mathbf Remarks:} The KG-equation is a Lorentz invariant expression. For specific [[../LQG2/|computations]] of specific cases it can only be utilized with the appropriate [[../GenericityInOpenSystems/|boundary]] conditions.
1.1. The Klein-Gordon equation
The Klein-Gordon equation is an equation of [[../PhysicalMathematics2/|mathematical physics]] that describes spinless (spin-0 [[../Particle/|particles]]). It is given by:
Here the symbol refers to the [[../DAlembertOperator/|wave operator]], or D'Alembertian, () and is the [[../CosmologicalConstant/|wave]] [[../Bijective/|function]] of a spinless particle.
1.2. Relativistic energy levels of a spinless particle in a Coulomb field
1.3. Relativistic invanance of the de Broglie relations
1.4. Relativistic energy-momentum relation of a free particle
1.5. Charge and current density
1.5.1. Charge and current density in the presence of an electromagnetic field
1.6. Nonrelativistic limit
1.7. The initial data problem
1.8. Indefiniteness of the sign of charge
1.9. Interaction with an external electromagnetic field
1.10. Fine structure constant
The case
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